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[submodule "wsp"]
path = wsp
url = https://github.com/Thewafflication/wsp
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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 3, 29 June 2007
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How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
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<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
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Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
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This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
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For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.
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# Waughtal Shell
Waughtal Shell (`wsh`) is a Windows-native command shell inspired by Tom
Duff's Plan 9 `rc` shell.
The project aims to preserve the small, regular ideas that distinguish
`rc`—list-valued variables, apostrophe quoting, caret concatenation,
functions, structured commands, pipelines, and ordered redirection—while
defining explicit native behavior for Windows processes, paths, environment
variables, consoles, and handles.
The implementation is currently in the planning and project-baselining stage.
## Project Goals
- Target Windows without requiring a POSIX compatibility layer.
- Implement the shell in portable C99.
- Keep language parsing, evaluation, and Win32 integration separate.
- Configure and build the project with CMake presets.
- Dispatch all automated tests through CTest.
- Generate traceable TeX test evidence for release reports.
- Provision WCRT, KerTeX, and cv2pdb through WPM.
- Support x86, x64, and ARM64, with test claims backed by execution on the
corresponding architecture.
Waughtal Shell is inspired by `rc`; it does not initially promise that every
Plan 9 `rc` script will run unchanged. Platform-dependent behavior and
intentional differences will be documented and tested.
## Planned Development
The proposed roadmap is:
1. Establish the WSP, dependency, build, and test-evidence baseline.
2. Implement and test the lexer and parser.
3. Add variables, built-ins, external command execution, status handling, and
redirection.
4. Add structured control flow, functions, pipelines, command substitution,
and globbing.
5. Add an interactive prompt, history, and Windows console interruption.
6. Complete the documented 1.0 compatibility and release baseline.
See the [project plan], [draft requirements], and [architecture decisions] for
details.
## Proposed Toolchain
Dependencies will be installed through WPM and pinned before the first release
baseline:
```powershell
wpm install wcrt --arch <x86|x64|arm64> --version <version>
wpm install kertex --arch <architecture> --version <version>
wpm install cv2pdb --arch <architecture> --version <version>
```
The exact configure, build, and test commands will be added with the initial
CMake skeleton. CTest will remain the top-level test dispatcher.
## Project Process
The repository adopts the Waughtal Software Process through the `wsp/` Git
submodule. Requirements, architecture decisions, tests, evidence, and release
artifacts are intended to remain bidirectionally traceable.
See the proposed [adoption record] for the selected WSP profiles and initial
tailoring decisions.
## References
- [Rc — The Plan 9 Shell](https://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/4th_edition/papers/rc),
by Tom Duff
- [Plan 9 from User Space rc(1)][rc-manual]
## License
Waughtal Shell is free software licensed under the GNU General Public License,
version 3 or, at your option, any later version. See [LICENSE](LICENSE).
Project-owned source files should use:
```c
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later */
```
[project plan]: docs/project-plan.md
[draft requirements]: docs/requirements/product-requirements.md
[architecture decisions]: docs/adr-0001-rc-inspired-windows-language.md
[adoption record]: docs/adoption-record.md
[rc-manual]: https://9fans.github.io/plan9port/man/man1/rc.html
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# WSP Adoption Record — Waughtal Shell
**Content type:** Adoption record
**Project:** Waughtal Shell (`wsh`)
**WSP baseline:** Immutable commit
`2198ccab08f969a789448767fe7017b774369adc`
**Submodule path:** `wsp/`
**Pinned commit:** `2198ccab08f969a789448767fe7017b774369adc`
**Status:** Proposed
**Approval:** Pending initial project-baseline review
## Common Baseline
| Requirement set or practice | Applicability | Project artifact or scope |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Common requirements management | Yes | `docs/requirements/` and traceability records |
| WSP software lifecycle | Yes | `docs/project-plan.md` |
| Project process | Yes | `docs/project-plan.md` and release records |
| Documentation requirements | Yes | Controlled project and release documentation |
| Documentation style and identifiers | Yes | Project-authored artifacts |
| Testing requirements | Yes | CTest specifications, evidence, and reports |
## Selected Profiles
| Profile | Selected | Project scope or rationale |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Personal process | No | Deferred until individual planning records are useful |
| Security/DFS | Yes | Shell parses untrusted text and launches processes |
| C source style | Yes | All project-owned `.c` and `.h` files |
| PowerShell style | Yes | Project-owned Windows automation |
| CMake style | Yes | All project-owned CMake files and presets |
| Windows version resources | Yes | Every shipped project-owned executable and DLL |
| Windows code signing and Defender | Yes | Windows release artifacts |
| Common tools | Yes | Traceability, source quality, evidence, reports, and documentation |
## Initial Tailoring Decisions
Detailed row-by-row dispositions will be completed during M0 before any
release baseline is approved. No adopted requirement is silently omitted.
### WSP-DOC toolchain — KerTeX selection
- **Disposition:** Proposed tailoring, subject to M0 compatibility test
- **Rationale:** The project requires KerTeX installed through WPM, while the
current WSP documentation guidance describes a MiKTeX/PDFLaTeX pipeline.
- **Impact:** WSP TeX inputs or automation may depend on MiKTeX-specific
behavior and fail to produce the required release PDF.
- **Compensating control:** Compile representative WSP test and release inputs
with the pinned KerTeX engine; retain logs; propose portable fixes upstream
or document an approved equivalent pipeline.
- **Owner:** Project maintainer
- **Completion condition:** M0 documentation-toolchain spike passes and the
exact engine/version is recorded.
- **Approval:** Pending
### WSP-TEST-0018 — cv2pdb output
- **Disposition:** Applicable without weakening
- **Rationale:** PDB output is useful for Windows debugging but does not replace
WSP's GDB-compatible DWARF requirement.
- **Impact:** Debug builds retain both symbol forms, increasing artifact size.
- **Compensating control:** Not required.
- **Owner:** Project maintainer
- **Completion condition:** N/A
- **Approval:** Pending baseline review
## Baseline History
| Date | WSP baseline | Project change | Summary |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2026-08-04 | `2198ccab08f969a789448767fe7017b774369adc` | Initial plan | Proposed WSP adoption |
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# ADR-0001: Rc-Inspired Language with Explicit Windows Semantics
**Status:** Proposed
**Date:** 2026-08-04
## Context
Plan 9 `rc` obtains part of its behavior from Plan 9 facilities such as `/env`,
notes, namespaces, string-valued exit status, and `rfork`. Windows has a
different process, environment, path, console, and handle model.
## Decision
Waughtal Shell will preserve the documented `rc` language concepts that do not
depend intrinsically on Plan 9: list-valued variables, apostrophe quotation,
caret concatenation, functions, structured commands, substitution, pipelines,
and ordered redirection. Platform-dependent behavior will have a Windows-native
contract and will be identified as compatible, adapted, unsupported, or
deferred in the language reference and tests.
The project will not claim that arbitrary Plan 9 `rc` scripts execute unchanged.
## Consequences
- The language remains recognizably `rc` and avoids accumulating unrelated
PowerShell or Bourne syntax.
- Windows users receive predictable native process and path behavior.
- A compatibility matrix and conformance suite become release artifacts.
- Some Plan 9 features require deliberate analogues or remain unsupported.
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# ADR-0002: Separate Parser, Evaluator, and Windows Runtime
**Status:** Proposed
**Date:** 2026-08-04
## Context
A shell combines a language implementation with security-sensitive operating
system orchestration. Mixing parsing, expansion, and process creation makes
semantic testing difficult and increases injection and resource-lifetime risk.
## Decision
The implementation will use a lexer and explicit grammar to construct an AST.
Evaluation will operate on list values and abstract runtime services. Win32
process, console, filesystem, environment, and handle behavior will be isolated
behind interfaces in `src/platform/windows/`.
## Consequences
- Lexer, parser, expansion, and evaluation can be unit-tested without child
processes.
- Windows behavior can be tested with purpose-built helper executables.
- Interfaces must carry explicit allocation, ownership, encoding, and error
contracts, adding modest up-front design work.
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# ADR-0003: WPM-Provisioned CMake, CTest, and TeX Toolchain
**Status:** Proposed
**Date:** 2026-08-04
## Context
The project requires plain C, Windows targets, CMake, CTest, TeX test results,
and WPM installation of WCRT, KerTeX, and cv2pdb. WSP requires reproducible
test evidence and GDB-compatible Debug symbols.
## Decision
WPM will provision pinned WCRT, KerTeX, and cv2pdb packages. CMake presets will
describe architecture and configuration. CTest will dispatch every automated
test and evidence check. Test wrappers will generate TeX evidence and KerTeX
will compile the assembled report. TinyCC Debug builds will retain DWARF;
cv2pdb will generate an additional PDB where supported.
A milestone-zero spike must prove package discovery, CMake integration,
KerTeX compatibility with the WSP report inputs, and dual-symbol retention.
## Consequences
- Developer and CI provisioning share the WPM dependency path.
- Test reporting is a tested build product rather than a manual afterthought.
- Generated PDBs improve native debugging without weakening WSP evidence.
- Package metadata and KerTeX compatibility are early schedule risks.
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# Waughtal Shell Project Plan
**Document ID:** `WSH-PLAN-0001`
**Status:** Proposed
**Date:** 2026-08-04
## Purpose
Waughtal Shell (`wsh`) will be a Windows-native command interpreter inspired
by Tom Duff's Plan 9 `rc` shell. It will preserve the small, regular language
model that distinguishes `rc`, while defining explicit Windows behavior for
processes, paths, environment variables, consoles, and executable discovery.
The first supported implementation will be written in portable C99 and built
with CMake. CTest will execute all automated tests. Each controlled test run
will produce LaTeX evidence suitable for inclusion in a WSP release report.
## Product Principles
1. Preserve `rc` concepts rather than copying Bourne or PowerShell semantics.
2. Be a native Windows program; do not require POSIX emulation at runtime.
3. Keep parsing, evaluation, and Windows integration as separate components.
4. Make compatibility and intentional deviations observable and tested.
5. Keep the dependency and build baseline reproducible through WPM.
6. Prefer a small correct language over broad, partially compatible syntax.
## Scope
### Version 0.1 — Language Core
- batch execution with `wsh script.wsh` and `wsh -c command`;
- lexer and parser for words, apostrophe quoting, comments, command lists,
assignments, variable expansion, list construction, and `^` concatenation;
- simple external commands and the `exit`, `cd`, and `echo` built-ins;
- `$status`, `$*`, `$#name`, `$name(n)`, and `$name` list behavior;
- sequential commands and `&&`, `||`, and `!` status composition;
- input, output, append, and standard-error redirection;
- deterministic diagnostics with source locations; and
- x86, x64, and ARM64 build configurations, with execution claims made only
where tests run on the corresponding architecture.
### Version 0.2 — Structured Shell Language
- blocks, `if`, `if not`, `while`, `for`, `switch`, and `~` matching;
- shell functions and command-local variables;
- linear pipelines and background execution;
- command substitution and configurable `ifs` splitting;
- globbing with `rc`'s unmatched-pattern behavior; and
- script inclusion and initial profile loading.
### Version 0.3 — Interactive Shell
- interactive prompt and multiline parsing;
- console interrupt handling and child-process cancellation;
- command history and a minimal line editor;
- `whatis`, `shift`, `wait`, and job inspection; and
- documented Windows script association and invocation behavior.
### Version 1.0 — Supported Compatibility Baseline
- here documents;
- ordered descriptor duplication and closure where Windows can represent it;
- a documented decision on generalized pipelines and process substitution;
- stable language and Windows-compatibility reference;
- signed Windows release packages and complete release evidence; and
- conformance suite covering every supported `rc`-derived feature and every
documented deviation.
### Initial Exclusions
- Plan 9 namespaces, `/env`, notes, and `rfork` semantics;
- byte-for-byte compatibility with Plan 9 executables or environment storage;
- POSIX job-control process groups;
- Unix shebang execution by the Windows kernel; and
- a requirement to execute existing Unix `rc` scripts unchanged.
Exclusions may be revisited only through requirements change analysis and an
ADR. Where useful, `wsh` may offer a Windows analogue under a distinct,
documented contract.
## Stakeholders and Responsibilities
| Responsibility | Initial owner |
| --- | --- |
| Product scope and release approval | Project maintainer |
| Requirements and architecture | Project maintainer |
| Implementation and source review | Project contributors |
| Verification and evidence approval | Project maintainer or designated reviewer |
| Dependency and release security | Project maintainer |
| WSP process improvement | Project maintainer |
Material release findings should receive review by someone other than their
author when another reviewer is available. A single-maintainer exception will
be recorded in the release-readiness record.
## Technical Baseline
- Language: portable C99 with compiler extensions disabled.
- Platform API: Win32, isolated below `src/platform/windows/`.
- Build: CMake with checked-in configure, build, and test presets.
- Test runner: CTest, with small C unit-test executables and process-level
PowerShell acceptance runners where Windows orchestration is required.
- Compilers: TinyCC/WCRT is the primary bootstrap toolchain. MSVC and a
GCC-compatible Windows compiler are secondary compatibility gates once the
core is stable.
- Dependencies provisioned by WPM: `wcrt`, `kertex`, and `cv2pdb`.
- Debug symbols: DWARF is retained for WSP/GDB evidence; `cv2pdb` generates an
additional PDB artifact for Windows debugging.
- Documentation: controlled Markdown remains authoritative. Generated test
evidence is TeX; release documentation is assembled under the WSP process.
The exact WPM repository configuration, package versions, architectures, and
install roots will be captured in a checked-in dependency lock or generated
dependency inventory before the first release baseline. Provisioning will use
commands of the following form, finalized against the package indexes:
```powershell
wpm install wcrt --arch <x86|x64|arm64> --version <pinned-version>
wpm install kertex --arch <architecture> --version <pinned-version>
wpm install cv2pdb --arch <architecture> --version <pinned-version>
```
## Proposed Repository Layout
```text
CMakeLists.txt
CMakePresets.json
cmake/
docs/
adoption-record.md
architecture.md
requirements/
adr-*.md
include/wsh/
src/
main.c
language/
runtime/
platform/windows/
tests/
unit/
integration/
conformance/
specifications/
evidence/
tools/
wsp/
```
Generated files will be written beneath `out/`, `tmp/`, or `output/`, never
under `wsp/` or the controlled source directories.
## Architecture Work Breakdown
1. **Source and diagnostics:** input abstraction, UTF decoding policy, source
spans, and diagnostic rendering.
2. **Lexer:** tokens, apostrophe quoting, comments, operators, and free-caret
insertion rules.
3. **Parser:** explicit grammar producing an immutable abstract syntax tree.
4. **Values and scope:** owned lists of strings, variable tables, local scope,
functions, and status values.
5. **Expansion:** variables, subscripts, counts, concatenation, globbing, and
command substitution.
6. **Evaluator:** commands, control flow, functions, pipelines, and status
propagation.
7. **Windows process layer:** executable search, argument quoting, environment
blocks, handles, pipes, process creation, waiting, and cancellation.
8. **Interactive layer:** console input, prompt, history, and interrupts.
Each layer will expose narrow C interfaces with explicit ownership and error
contracts. Parser tests will not launch processes; process tests will not
depend on the interactive console.
## Verification Strategy
CTest will be the sole top-level test dispatcher. Labels will separate:
- `unit`: lexer, parser, list, scope, expansion, and status behavior;
- `integration`: process creation, environment, pipes, redirections, and
filesystem behavior;
- `conformance`: examples and semantic cases derived from the `rc` paper and
manual, with Windows deviations stated in the test specification;
- `negative`: malformed syntax, unavailable executables, invalid handles,
resource exhaustion, and interrupted execution; and
- `quality`: traceability, C source documentation, line length, Doxygen,
dependency inventory, and generated-evidence validation.
Every controlled test will have a `TC-NNNN` specification and link backward to
one or more `WSH-REQ-NNNN` requirements. A CTest fixture or wrapper will record
the source revision, preset, architecture, compiler, dependency versions,
command, timestamps, exit code, and captured output. It will generate a TeX
evidence fragment per test and a configuration-level TeX summary. Failure to
generate complete evidence is itself a test failure.
The evidence generator will use WSP's `New-TestReport.ps1`,
`Test-TestEvidence.ps1`, and `Test-Traceability.ps1` where their contracts fit.
KerTeX will compile the assembled TeX report in CI. A short toolchain spike
must prove that the WSP TeX inputs and selected KerTeX engine are compatible;
otherwise an approved tailoring decision or a preamble change upstream in WSP
is required before release claims are made.
## Milestones and Exit Criteria
| Milestone | Outcome | Exit criteria |
| --- | --- | --- |
| M0: Baseline | Governed repository | WSP adoption record, requirements index, ADRs, presets, WPM dependency spike |
| M1: Parse | Language front end | Lexer/parser core passes unit and malformed-input tests with no leaks |
| M2: Execute | Useful batch shell | External commands, variables, built-ins, status, and redirection pass acceptance tests |
| M3: Compose | Structured scripts | Control flow, functions, pipelines, substitution, and globbing pass conformance tests |
| M4: Interact | Daily interactive use | Prompt, history, interrupts, and child cleanup pass console tests |
| M5: Release candidate | Supported baseline | All applicable requirements traced; x86/x64/ARM64 claims backed by native evidence; documentation and trust gates pass |
## Principal Risks
| Risk | Planned control |
| --- | --- |
| Windows command-line quoting cannot represent arbitrary argument lists for legacy programs | Define `CreateProcessW` serialization rules; test with an argument-echo helper; document irreducible application-specific parsing differences |
| Windows environment variables cannot natively preserve `rc` lists | Keep lists internally; define a reversible WSH encoding only for child `wsh`; use a documented scalar join policy for other children |
| Windows handles do not equal Plan 9 file descriptors | Model logical descriptors internally; support standard handles first; gate arbitrary-descriptor claims on a feasibility spike |
| Console interrupts and background children leak processes | Use job objects and explicit control-event tests; verify cleanup after abnormal exit |
| Unicode is corrupted at API boundaries | Use UTF-8 internally and wide Win32 APIs; define invalid-input behavior and round-trip tests |
| Parser ambiguity or accidental shell injection | Use a formal grammar and direct `CreateProcessW`; never invoke `cmd.exe` implicitly |
| KerTeX does not compile the WSP-oriented TeX pipeline | Complete an M0 compatibility spike and record the selected engine and required tailoring |
| TinyCC diagnostics or code generation miss defects | Add MSVC and GCC-compatible warning/test gates before 1.0; run sanitizers where a compatible Windows toolchain permits |
| Feature growth prevents a correct usable core | Enforce milestone scope and require ADR/requirements impact analysis for additions |
## Release Gate
A release candidate is acceptable only when:
- all requirements in its baseline have an approved disposition;
- all required CTest tests pass on each claimed configuration;
- TeX evidence is complete, traceable, and compiles successfully;
- C source and CMake quality gates pass;
- exact WPM dependency versions and digests are retained;
- Debug symbols, including required DWARF evidence, are retained;
- release documentation, checksums, provenance, signing decisions, and known
limitations satisfy the adopted WSP baseline; and
- no unresolved critical defect or unapproved security risk remains.
## Immediate Next Work
1. Approve the compatibility boundaries in the draft requirements and ADRs.
2. Verify actual WPM package names, architectures, versions, and install-root
metadata for WCRT, KerTeX, and cv2pdb.
3. Run a KerTeX/WSP report compatibility spike.
4. Create the CMake skeleton, presets, `wsh --version`, and a smoke CTest.
5. Define the lexer grammar and the first `TC-NNNN` parser cases.
## References
- Tom Duff, *Rc — The Plan 9 Shell*.
- Plan 9 from User Space, `rc(1)` manual.
- WSP software lifecycle, requirements management, C style, CMake style,
testing strategy, documentation requirements, and security profiles.
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# Waughtal Shell Product Requirements
**Document ID:** `WSH-REQ-INDEX`
**Status:** Proposed
These are planning-level requirements. Each will be split into a controlled
requirement file with complete rationale, relationships, implementation
allocation, and `TC-NNNN` references before acceptance into a release baseline.
| ID | Requirement | Planned verification |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `WSH-REQ-0001` | The product shall provide a Windows-native command interpreter executable named `wsh`. | Test |
| `WSH-REQ-0002` | Project-owned production source shall be written in C99 with compiler extensions disabled. | Inspection and build |
| `WSH-REQ-0003` | The project shall configure and build supported configurations with CMake presets. | Test |
| `WSH-REQ-0004` | CTest shall be the top-level dispatcher for every automated release-gate test. | Inspection and test |
| `WSH-REQ-0005` | Each controlled test execution shall generate complete, traceable TeX evidence. | Test |
| `WSH-REQ-0006` | WPM shall provision pinned `wcrt`, `kertex`, and `cv2pdb` dependencies for supported build architectures. | Test and inspection |
| `WSH-REQ-0007` | The interpreter shall represent a shell variable as an ordered list of strings. | Unit test |
| `WSH-REQ-0008` | The interpreter shall implement `rc` apostrophe quotation and doubled-apostrophe behavior. | Unit and conformance test |
| `WSH-REQ-0009` | The interpreter shall implement explicit and free-caret concatenation with defined list distribution behavior. | Unit and conformance test |
| `WSH-REQ-0010` | The interpreter shall parse a documented grammar without delegating parsing to `cmd.exe` or PowerShell. | Inspection and negative test |
| `WSH-REQ-0011` | The interpreter shall execute Windows programs without implicitly invoking another command interpreter. | Integration test |
| `WSH-REQ-0012` | The interpreter shall define and test executable discovery for explicit paths, extensions, and `$path`. | Integration test |
| `WSH-REQ-0013` | The interpreter shall preserve argument boundaries through its Windows command-line serialization contract for conforming child programs. | Integration test with echo helper |
| `WSH-REQ-0014` | The interpreter shall support sequential, conditional, and inverted status composition. | Unit and integration test |
| `WSH-REQ-0015` | The interpreter shall support ordered input, output, append, and standard-error redirections. | Integration test |
| `WSH-REQ-0016` | The interpreter shall support linear pipelines without leaking inherited handles. | Integration and resource test |
| `WSH-REQ-0017` | The interpreter shall support documented `rc` control-flow and function syntax. | Conformance test |
| `WSH-REQ-0018` | The interpreter shall use UTF-8 internally and wide-character Win32 APIs at operating-system boundaries. | Inspection and round-trip test |
| `WSH-REQ-0019` | Syntax and runtime diagnostics shall identify the source and location when one is available. | Unit and acceptance test |
| `WSH-REQ-0020` | Interactive interruption shall return control to the prompt and terminate or detach children according to a documented policy. | Console integration test |
| `WSH-REQ-0021` | The product shall document every intentional difference from the supported Plan 9 `rc` language baseline. | Review |
| `WSH-REQ-0022` | Debug release evidence shall retain GDB-usable DWARF symbols; PDB output shall be additional. | Artifact inspection |
| `WSH-REQ-0023` | The interpreter shall reject malformed input without executing a partial command unless the documented interactive continuation rule applies. | Negative test |
| `WSH-REQ-0024` | The interpreter shall release owned memory, handles, and child-process resources on normal and tested error paths. | Analysis and test |
Submodule
+1
Submodule wsp added at 2198ccab08.