diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 449ccc63..e7a9320c 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 - Disallow multiple selectors in arbitrary variants ([#10655](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/10655))
 - Sort class lists deterministically for Prettier plugin ([#10672](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/10672))
+- Ensure CLI builds have a non-zero exit code on failure ([#10703](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/10703))
 
 ### Changed
 
diff --git a/src/cli/build/index.js b/src/cli/build/index.js
index c75b719d..ebb4aa38 100644
--- a/src/cli/build/index.js
+++ b/src/cli/build/index.js
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ export async function build(args, configs) {
 
     await processor.watch()
   } else {
-    await processor.build()
+    await processor.build().catch((e) => {
+      console.error(e)
+      process.exit(1)
+    })
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/cli/build/plugin.js b/src/cli/build/plugin.js
index 251f4702..893a8c95 100644
--- a/src/cli/build/plugin.js
+++ b/src/cli/build/plugin.js
@@ -383,7 +383,11 @@ export async function createProcessor(args, cliConfigPath) {
           // The watcher will start watching the imported CSS files and will be
           // resilient to future errors.
 
-          console.error(err)
+          if (state.watcher) {
+            console.error(err)
+          } else {
+            return Promise.reject(err)
+          }
         }
       )
   }
diff --git a/src/oxide/cli/build/index.ts b/src/oxide/cli/build/index.ts
index 79a5463a..b7fb2d93 100644
--- a/src/oxide/cli/build/index.ts
+++ b/src/oxide/cli/build/index.ts
@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ export async function build(args, configs) {
 
     await processor.watch()
   } else {
-    await processor.build()
+    await processor.build().catch((e) => {
+      console.error(e)
+      process.exit(1)
+    })
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/oxide/cli/build/plugin.ts b/src/oxide/cli/build/plugin.ts
index f61eadc1..bea85a09 100644
--- a/src/oxide/cli/build/plugin.ts
+++ b/src/oxide/cli/build/plugin.ts
@@ -380,7 +380,11 @@ export async function createProcessor(args, cliConfigPath) {
           // The watcher will start watching the imported CSS files and will be
           // resilient to future errors.
 
-          console.error(err)
+          if (state.watcher) {
+            console.error(err)
+          } else {
+            return Promise.reject(err)
+          }
         }
       )
   }